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Mosul Dam
Mosul Dam ((アラビア語:سد الموصل), Kurdish: Bêndawi Mûsil) or Chambarakat Dam, formerly known as Saddam Dam (), is the largest dam in Iraq. It is located on the Tigris River in the western governorate of Ninawa, upstream of the city of Mosul. At full capacity, the hydroelectric dam holds about of water and provides electricity to the 1.7 million residents of Mosul. The dam's main power station contains four Francis turbine-generators. A pumped-storage hydroelectricity power plant with a capacity of and a run-of-the-river dam downstream with a capacity also belong to the Mosul Dam scheme. It is ranked as the fourth largest dam in the Middle East, measured by reserve capacity, capturing snowmelt from Turkey, some north.〔("Iraqi Dam Has Experts On Edge Until Inspection Eases Fears" ) by Andrew G. Wright, ''Engineering News-Record'', 5 May 2003〕 Built on a karst foundation, concerns over the dam's instability have led to major remediation and rehabilitation efforts since the 2003 invasion of Iraq.
== Construction ==
In order to bolster Saddam Hussein's regime during the Iran-Iraq War and promote Saddam's Arabization efforts in Northern Iraq, the construction of the Mosul Dam was important. Construction on the Mosul Dam began in 1980 by a German-Italian consortium that was led by Hochtief Aktiengesellschaft. Because the dam was constructed on a foundation of soluble gypsum, the engineers installed a grouting gallery that would allow continuous grouting of the dam's foundation in order to promote stability. Construction was complete in 1984 and in the spring of 1985, the Mosul Dam began to inundate the Tigris River, filling the reservoir which submerged many archaeological sites in the region. Because of significant structural stability issues associated with the Mosul Dam, grouting and additional construction and repairs are constant.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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